Designing Drainage in a Private House – What You Need to Know

Designing is an important stage in any construction. In the case of drainage, it will not only help to calculate the cost of all works and materials, but also to avoid many troubles. Including with inspection authorities and with environmental services.

Tip 1

Follow the rules for wastewater systems. They are different for each country, but there are many similar points. For example, it is forbidden to discharge directly into a river or body of water in the vicinity. Even if already treated water is discharged, but the body of water is used for fish farming, you must coordinate with the owners.

It is important to remember that there are sanitary standards that regulate the distance from the discharge pits to residential premises and water supply systems (wells). In the first case, the distance must be at least 10 m, and in the second – at least 30 m, but if the water is potable, at least 50 m.

In addition, if the discharge goes into the central sewer system, you will have to pay for it. Payment is calculated either by the meter, or, so to speak, by the average volume, which in this case is equal to the volume of water consumed.

Tip 2

When making a plan, consider the topography of the site. This will help you choose the right materials and calculate their quantity. It is desirable to plan the slope of the entire system, so you do not have to install pumps, and the effluent will go by gravity. Especially the slope is useful when there is a need to arrange a drainage system.

There are standards for the slope per meter of pipe. They depend on its diameter:

• pipe diameter 50 mm – minimum slope of 30 mm,
• the diameter of the pipe 110 mm – the minimum slope of 20 mm,
• pipe diameter 160 mm – minimum slope 8 mm,
• pipe diameter 200 mm – minimum slope 7 mm.

The total angle of slope of the pipeline is calculated as follows: multiply the length of the pipeline (meters) by the recommended standard or GOST slope. For example, for 10 meters of pipe diameter of 110 mm the slope will be 10 m * 0,02 m = 0,2 m.

Tip 3

Do not save on pipes by reducing their diameter. As a rule, plastic pipe with a diameter of 50-100 mm is used for drains, which is an accepted standard. And the standards exist both for outdoor sewage, as well as for internal. This applies not only to pipe diameters, but also to the degree of slope of the pipeline or its individual sections. It is also undesirable to make strong bends, which can become places of accumulation of clogs.

Tip 4

When drawing up a scheme of drainage system, take into account the climatic characteristics of your region. This determines the depth of burial of the pipeline. So, if the winter in your region is not too cold, then laying pipes without insulation may be to a depth of 1 m. In areas with severe frosts, it is recommended to bury at least 180 cm from the surface.

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